The 2023 Census of Agriculture reveals significant growth in American Samoa and Guam’s farming sectors, highlighting the resilience and expansion of agriculture in these U.S. territories.
At a Glance
- American Samoa farms increased by 13% since 2018
- Guam’s farm count more than doubled in five years
- Taro dominates American Samoa’s agricultural sales
- Vegetables and melons lead Guam’s farm revenues
- USDA emphasizes data’s role in policy and sustainability
Agricultural Growth in American Samoa
According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service, American Samoa reported 7,157 farms operating across 9,253 acres in 2023. This marks a 13% increase in the number of farms since 2018. Although the average farm size is just 1.3 acres, agricultural sales totaled an impressive $35.3 million, with taro as the primary crop.
A farm in American Samoa is defined as any place that produced agricultural goods for either sale or home consumption. This definition reflects a broad inclusion of subsistence and semi-commercial farming, which makes up much of the territory’s rural economy.
Guam’s Farming Landscape Expands
Guam also demonstrated strong agricultural growth. The 2023 census recorded 583 farms—more than double the count in 2018—spanning 2,848 acres. The average farm size on the island was 4.9 acres, with total sales reaching $6.16 million. Guam’s agricultural economy is driven largely by vegetables and melons, according to USDA data.
In Guam, a farm is defined as any operation that produces and sells at least $1,000 of agricultural products annually. This threshold allows USDA to focus on more commercially active producers while still accounting for Guam’s predominantly small-scale operations.
Data’s Role in Shaping Agricultural Policy
The agricultural census, conducted every five years, provides critical insights used by policymakers, agribusinesses, and nonprofits to develop infrastructure, respond to disasters, and target support to local farmers.
“The agricultural census data provides vital data that helps shape policies, allocate resources, and support the growth and sustainability of agriculture in American Samoa and Guam,” said NASS Administrator Joseph Parsons in the official USDA announcement. He also thanked producers for their participation, noting that their input “tells their agriculture story.”
With clear regional data on production methods, land use, and economic output, local leaders and federal agencies can now better align support with the unique needs of island communities. That includes addressing climate resilience, food security, and economic diversification.
A Tool for the Future
The full Census of Agriculture report and related data products are publicly available through the USDA. As an equal opportunity provider and employer, the agency emphasizes that accurate agricultural data is foundational for a thriving, resilient food system—even in the most remote U.S. territories.
